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apache2

Introduction​

This cheat sheet provides a quick reference for some common Apache HTTP Server (Apache2) commands and concepts. Apache is a popular open-source web server used to serve websites and web applications.

Installation​

To use Apache2, you need to install it on your server. Installation methods vary depending on your operating system. Refer to your distribution's documentation for installation instructions.

Apache2 Concepts​

Virtual Hosts​

Virtual Hosts allow you to host multiple websites on a single server.

  • Create a new virtual host configuration file:

    sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/my-site.conf

  • Enable a virtual host:

    sudo a2ensite my-site

  • Disable a virtual host:

    sudo a2dissite my-site

Modules​

Apache2 uses modules to extend its functionality. Common modules include mod_ssl for SSL/TLS support and mod_rewrite for URL rewriting.

  • Enable a module:

    sudo a2enmod module_name

  • Disable a module:

    sudo a2dismod module_name

Configuration Files​

Apache2 configuration files are typically located in the /etc/apache2 directory.

  • Edit the main configuration file:

    sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

  • Edit the global configuration file:

    sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf-available/my-config.conf

Logs​

Apache2 logs important information about server activity.

  • Access log location:

    /var/log/apache2/access.log

  • Error log location:

    /var/log/apache2/error.log

Restart and Reload​

After making configuration changes, you can restart or reload Apache2 to apply the changes.

  • Restart Apache2:

    sudo systemctl restart apache2

  • Reload Apache2 (gracefully):

    sudo systemctl reload apache2

Apache2 Command-Line​

  • Check the Apache2 version:

    apache2 -v

  • Test the Apache2 configuration:

    sudo apache2ctl configtest

  • Start Apache2:

    sudo systemctl start apache2

  • Stop Apache2:

    sudo systemctl stop apache2

  • Check the status of Apache2:

    sudo systemctl status apache2

  • Open a port in the firewall (e.g., port 80 for HTTP):

    sudo ufw allow 80/tcp

Conclusion​

This cheat sheet covers some common Apache HTTP Server (Apache2) commands and concepts. Apache2 is a versatile web server used for hosting websites and applications; refer to the official Apache documentation for more in-depth information and advanced usage.